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My laboratory studies post-translational modifications of host target proteins caused by bacterial protein toxins and effectors. These include ADP-ribosylation of small GTPases and actin by clostridial, Photorhabdus luminescens and Bacillus cereus toxins. Another topic is the deamidation and activation of heterotrimeric G proteins by Pasteurella multocida toxin and the deamidation and transglutamination of small GTPases by cytotoxic necrotizing factors. A main focus of research is also the glycosylation of Ras/Rho proteins by clostridial toxins and of elongation factor 1A by Legionella pneumophila glycosyltransferases Lgt1-3. Toxin receptors, up-take mechanisms and structure-function-relationships are studied.